Mathematicians, scientists, and even gamblers often want to simulate chance occurrences. … Random numbers are used in casino games, state lotteries, computer games, clinical trials of new drugs, simulations of random walks, encryption techniques, modeling molecular behavior, testing computer programs, and even in computer graphics for rendering realistic-looking images. … [Algorithms] use random numbers and statistical sampling to estimate calculations in physics, probability theory, and other areas of mathematics and science.

I don’t recall drawing balls from urns being used for anything but Bingo and lotteries (where they’re still the only acceptable methods used today, since they’re most tamper-safe). But I don’t recall ever hearing about gamblers consulting tables of random numbers. (Although back in my gaming days, I knew DungeonMasters who did so. Perhaps before dice with other than 6 sides were common?)

But I’m sure a lot of kids still use “random numbers … to estimate calculations in … mathematics and science” homework, just like I used to!