Bill DeMain
15 Wonderful Words With No English Equivalent
by Bill DeMain - July 22, 2011 - 11:42 PM

The Global Language Monitor estimates that there are currently 1,009,753 words in the English language. Despite this large lexicon, many nuances of human experience still leave us tongue-tied. And that’s why sometimes it’s necessary to turn to other languages to find le mot juste. Here are fifteen foreign words with no direct English equivalent.

1. Zhaghzhagh (Persian)
The chattering of teeth from the cold or from rage.

2. Yuputka (Ulwa)
A word made for walking in the woods at night, it’s the phantom sensation of something crawling on your skin.

3. Slampadato (Italian)
Addicted to the UV glow of tanning salons? This word describes you.

4. Luftmensch (Yiddish)
There are several Yiddish words to describe social misfits. This one is for an impractical dreamer with no business sense. Literally, air person.

5. Iktsuarpok (Inuit)
You know that feeling of anticipation when you’re waiting for someone to show up at your house and you keep going outside to see if they’re there yet? This is the word for it.

6. Cotisuelto (Caribbean Spanish)
A word that would aptly describe the prevailing fashion trend among American men under 40, it means one who wears the shirt tail outside of his trousers.

7. Pana Po’o (Hawaiian)
“Hmm, now where did I leave those keys?” he said, pana po’oing. It means to scratch your head in order to help you remember something you’ve forgotten.

8. Gumusservi (Turkish)
Meteorologists can be poets in Turkey with words like this at their disposal. It means moonlight shining on water.

9. Vybafnout (Czech)
A word tailor-made for annoying older brothers—it means to jump out and say boo.

10. Mencolek (Indonesian)
You know that old trick where you tap someone lightly on the opposite shoulder from behind to fool them? The Indonesians have a word for it.

11. Faamiti (Samoan)
To make a squeaking sound by sucking air past the lips in order to gain the attention of a dog or child.

12. Glas wen (Welsh)
A smile that is insincere or mocking. Literally, a blue smile.

13. Bakku-shan (Japanese)
The experience of seeing a woman who appears pretty from behind but not from the front.

14. Boketto (Japanese)
It’s nice to know that the Japanese think enough of the act of gazing vacantly into the distance without thinking to give it a name.

15. Kummerspeck (German)
Excess weight gained from emotional overeating. Literally, grief bacon.

Many of the words above can be found in BBC researcher Adam Jacot de Boinod’s book ‘The Meaning of Tingo and Other Extraordinary Words from Around the World.’

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Comments (142)

  1. One of my favorite foreign words is rather simple. It’s the German “doch”. It simply means yes, but to a negative question. For example, the question, “You aren’t going?” in English. If you answer “yes”, it is ambiguous (“yes, you aren’t going”, or “yes, you are going”). Doch removes that ambiguity. It always means (in this case), “Yes, you are going”.

    posted by Michael on 7-22-2011 at 11:51 pm

  2. Michael: French has something similar. Normally in French, yes is “oui”. But if you’re countering a negative question with a positive, you say “si”.

    So if someone said, “You’re not going to the game?” and you actually were, you’d respond “Si.”

    posted by Brian on 7-22-2011 at 11:56 pm

  3. My favorite word is the French “entarter”: to hit someone in the face with a cream pie (typically as an act of political protest).

    posted by Brian on 7-22-2011 at 11:57 pm

  4. 1. Isn’t “chattering” more or less the same? At least in regards to chattering from the cold. I can’t think of many other situations where one would chatter.

    2. Heebie-jeebies?

    4. Space Cadet? Though that doesn’t necessarily imply a lack of business acumen.

    6. Untucked?

    posted by Matt on 7-23-2011 at 12:03 am

  5. My favorite is the Indonesian word jayus, which means a joke so unfunny and told so poorly that you just have to laugh.

    posted by Sam on 7-23-2011 at 12:05 am

  6. The chinese word guanxi is very difficult to translate to English. Similar to relations, work politics, or your social/professional network, guanxi is who you know, not what you know. This word is usually described as a quantifiable thing, the more guanxi you have, the more success you have, and at any new job you have to learn the guanxi to be successful.

    posted by Ben on 7-23-2011 at 12:09 am

  7. Second vote for “doch” being a great (and functional) foreign word. After a year in Germany I wanted to use t in English conversations…

    posted by Emmett on 7-23-2011 at 12:21 am

  8. But we do have an English equivalent to bakku-shan. It’s butterface, sometimes hyphenated as butter-face.

    As in, “nice body, butterface… (but her face…)”

    posted by Jane on 7-23-2011 at 1:07 am

  9. I call yuputka “the creepy crawlies.”

    posted by Daniel on 7-23-2011 at 1:38 am

  10. For the #14 – staring off into space without thinking, my family always uses “petit mal”. The term is for a small seizure, I think, which may be a little dramatic for this case. But it comes up a lot in conversation, surprisingly.

    posted by Amanda on 7-23-2011 at 1:42 am

  11. Schradenfruede. German for happiness at the misfortune of others.

    posted by JLBOB on 7-23-2011 at 1:54 am

  12. “strapatti” (sp?) in English means “my hair is messed up.” If you saw me, you’d understand!

    posted by Robyn on 7-23-2011 at 4:10 am

  13. Stephen Fry cites a Hungarian word in his novel The Liar: “puszipajtás”, which he says means “someone you know well enough to kiss in the street”. The Liar is, of course, a work of fiction, and so this could be a made-up word. But I really hope it isn’t.

    posted by Alkmene on 7-23-2011 at 6:26 am

  14. An even better example from Welsh is ‘hiraeth’ (pronounced he-rye-th). It means a longing for Wales, or home, for those who are in other pastures, or even a longing for the better days of the past.

    posted by Nathan on 7-23-2011 at 6:52 am

  15. @JLBOB Happiness at the misfortune of others? That is German!

    posted by Angela on 7-23-2011 at 7:24 am

  16. in hebrew there is a world for congaratulating a person for getting a new item – “tithadesh”

    posted by keren on 7-23-2011 at 7:44 am

  17. Someone already brought up butterface…i also want to include crocodile smile as the english form of glas wen

    posted by Cinsavant on 7-23-2011 at 8:33 am

  18. Hello,
    for the point n. 3, the correct word is ‘LAMPADATO’…

    Enjoy!!!

    Brigida.

    posted by Brigida on 7-23-2011 at 8:42 am

  19. I have seen #11 in action in a philipino family I know.

    its a very distinct sound and what I found interesting is..

    in a group of several sets of parents and at least a dozen kids… each kid knew the sound of his/her parents “faamiti” So you could tell whose kids were whose by which ones stopped cold when they heard their parents “sound” which they used as a warning or

    we americans may say “Cut it out- NOW!” all they have to do is make that sound and got an instant reaction!!!

    It was pretty cool!

    posted by Kate on 7-23-2011 at 9:14 am

  20. After moving to Denmark, I’ve come across many situations where there just isn’t an English word to cover what the Danish means.
    ‘Hygge’, is the most well known. It covers all sorts of nice atmospheres, but also feeling good, or hoping someone else has a good time. Something or an experience can be ‘hyggeligt’, you can say ‘kan du/I hygge jer’ (have a really nice time)…Comfy comes close.
    The Danes’ ‘doch’, affirmative reply to a negative question, would be ‘jo’, said with some extra emphasis than just yes.
    Don’t forget too, that Danish has a word for the back of the knee…’hase’.

    posted by Steve on 7-23-2011 at 9:19 am

  21. I’ve heard #3 called “tanorexia” by different news agencies. It’s a little sad that there was a word needed.
    How about a word for people who are addicted to trends and fads to the point of doing physical damage to themselves. Something more specific than “idiot”.

    posted by Rixie on 7-23-2011 at 9:25 am

  22. “Doch” is one of my favorites – I spent a semester in Germany in college, and it took us forever to really understand the appropriate usage. May have to start using it again….thanks for the reminder, Michael!

    posted by Lynley on 7-23-2011 at 9:44 am

  23. #8 has a Japanese equivilent (Suigetsu) – it was the name of my old juijitsu dojo. Still no English version though.

    posted by Sara on 7-23-2011 at 9:49 am

  24. The glow from tanning salons is UV, not IR, light…

    [Note: Good call. Thanks!]

    posted by Jorge on 7-23-2011 at 9:53 am

  25. Isn’t Luftmensch GERMAN?

    posted by Jorge on 7-23-2011 at 9:54 am

  26. “8. Gumusservi (Turkish)
    Meteorologists can be poets in Turkey with words like this at their disposal. It means moonlight shining on water.”

    We do actually have an English word for that…moonglade. It’s not a very well known word, but it’s in the dictionary.

    posted by Adam on 7-23-2011 at 10:08 am

  27. #12 Glas wen – Isn’t “smirk” the same, an insincere or mocking smile?

    @Kate
    We call it “sut-sot”. It’s onomatopoeic.

    posted by Dan on 7-23-2011 at 10:41 am

  28. @Jorge
    Yes. Yiddish is a German dialect with Hebrew loanwords and it is used by many Jewish people in Germanic areas (and their descendants in the US). I assume the nuance of the word luftmensh is not readily known by non-Jewish speakers of German.

    posted by Dan on 7-23-2011 at 10:48 am

  29. “Consuegra” is my grandson’s other grandmother. Mi consuegra and I are good friends, which might not happen if she were American born.

    posted by cathysfiddle on 7-23-2011 at 11:38 am

  30. Isn’t “11. Faamiti (Samoan)
    To make a squeaking sound by sucking air past the lips in order to gain the attention of a dog or child.” the same as “whistle”?

    posted by Celeste on 7-23-2011 at 11:54 am

  31. My mother in law keeps screaming “Capara” (Im pretty sure its Hebrew, could be Arabic slang)

    It means spitting in a soup to save your soul from illness. (I think thats how she described it) You say it to people you love.

    posted by Diane on 7-23-2011 at 12:05 pm

  32. The Yaghen language of Tierra del Fuego (of which there is now only one native speaker) has a word “mamihlapinatapai” that has been translated as “a look shared by two people, each wishing tha the other will offer something that they both desire but are unwilling to do.” It once appeared in Guinness as the “most succinct word.”

    posted by Stefan on 7-23-2011 at 2:49 pm

  33. *that
    This phone’s copy/paste function is a little lacking sometimes.

    posted by Stefan on 7-23-2011 at 2:51 pm

  34. JLBOB, it’s spelled “Schadenfreude”

    For native English speakers, it’s pronounced “sha den froy duh”

    posted by karina. on 7-23-2011 at 3:27 pm

  35. Wabi sabi: the art of finding beauty in imperfection and profundity in nature

    +1 for Schadenfreude

    posted by IllOgical42 on 7-23-2011 at 3:53 pm

  36. 14. Boketto (Japanese):
    Is this not the same as the english “spacing out”?

    posted by Carrie on 7-23-2011 at 3:59 pm

  37. Would be nice if you would put the phonetic spellings with the “15 Wonderful Words..” so I could pronounce them !

    posted by Ginny on 7-23-2011 at 4:20 pm

  38. For #13, there is always the American slang “Butterface.”

    posted by Max Radcliffe on 7-23-2011 at 5:21 pm

  39. I’ve always liked the Swedish word “lagom,” which means something like “just the right amount–not too little and not too much.” It’s a concept we could use more of in the US.

    posted by Leslie on 7-23-2011 at 5:44 pm

  40. There is a Portuguese word for the feeling of longing: “saudade”. You can feel saudade or saudades for a person, place, sensation or object that is distant or apart from you. People often say that saudade is “the love that remains”. In Brazilian Portuguese (and in some African languages and dialects too, I guess) there is also the word “banzo” to describe the “saudade negra” (black longing) – the extreme feeling of apathy enslaved black people felt because of a saudade from their land. Many of them actually died from this.

    posted by João on 7-23-2011 at 6:45 pm

  41. Technically speaking, “formication,” as an English word, seems to have the same basic definition as “yuputka.”

    posted by Conor on 7-23-2011 at 7:52 pm

  42. I like “steppenwitz,” which I saw on a Snopes article. It’s the word for when you come up with the perfect comeback too late (i.e. when you’re going down the stairs–thus, “step”).

    posted by Sillstaw on 7-23-2011 at 9:57 pm

  43. @Sillstaw

    The French call it “l’esprit de l’escalier.”

    posted by chris on 7-23-2011 at 11:14 pm

  44. Awesome article! And, I can always count on the comments section to offer even more! (Although, I would think that Faamiti, at #11, would be “chirrup”, wouldn’t it?)

    posted by Araxie on 7-24-2011 at 1:18 am

  45. Umm…You do know that there is no such thing as “Yiddish” people, right? Yiddish is a predominately Jewish language, and a mix of Hebrew and other languages. You might want to check your facts before you publish an article like this. Yiddish is a language. Yiddish people do not exist.

    posted by Cait on 7-24-2011 at 1:56 am

  46. Don’t forget “schadenfreude”. It’s German and means roughly “pleasure at another’s pain”.

    posted by Baarbear on 7-24-2011 at 2:06 am

  47. Cathysfiddle-

    “Consuegra” (literally: Con=with + suegra=mother in law) is actually the word for fellow mother in law, a grandchild need not be part of it at all. “Consuegro” goes for fellow father in law. To have one of these all you need to do is have a child that gets married to someone, and the parents of your new child-in-law become your “consuegros”.

    I also like “Tocayo” or “Tocaya”. It is also a Spanish worn, meaning “someone who shares the same name”, usually just the first. (though unlike “namesake” this person needn’t be named after the other). It is pretty cool in Mexican culture to have met one of these, and i know one instance in which this may have played a part in saving the life of someone i know.

    posted by Encarnacion on 7-24-2011 at 4:34 am

  48. “Davka”, from Hebrew. The closest English equivalent would be “specifically”, but it’s got so many more nuances.

    posted by MetFanMac on 7-24-2011 at 5:07 am

  49. Yiddish is absolutely full of wonderful descriptive words. “Chutzpah” is one commonly translated as “Nervy” but in actuality it is much richer – combination of nerve, arrogance, guts.

    One of the best is the difference between the words “Schlemiel” and “Schlemazel” (loosely translated as “Dumbklutz” and “Hard luck Loser”.

    Best definition: A “Schlemiel” is someone who spills soup on someone in a restaurant – a “Schlemazel” is the guy he spills it on. Maybe they are not all 100% unique to yiddish, but the traditional usage and appropriateness of pronounciation (don’t they just “sound” like the the concepts they represent) – make them unique.

    posted by Bob on 7-24-2011 at 7:05 am

  50. Faamiti is a squeaking noise produced by sucking air through puckered lips.

    The Filipino sound people have mentioned here is more of a hissing/sibilant sound made by blowing air through our teeth.

    posted by KD on 7-24-2011 at 7:33 am

  51. In Assamese, a language spoken mostly in North-East India, the word “majdangour” literally means “round around the middle.”

    A much more apt word than the English nondescript “fat” for many Indian men with rice bellies… =)

    posted by Jacqui on 7-24-2011 at 7:53 am

  52. Yep, formication covers #2. The feeling of bugs crawling on your skin.

    posted by Connie on 7-24-2011 at 10:14 am

  53. L’esprit de l’escalier has an English equivalent: “doorstep wit”.

    posted by Peter on 7-24-2011 at 1:27 pm

  54. What most people overlook is “tsunami.” A Japanese word that most think translates to tidal wave. However, tsunami are not tidal nor are they waves.

    posted by Aragorn on 7-24-2011 at 2:36 pm

  55. Here’s another German word that has no real equivalent: Fremdschämen – v. To be embarrassed on behalf of someone else who behaves utterly ridiculously and doesn’t seem to notice/care.

    posted by Julika on 7-24-2011 at 5:17 pm

  56. Backpfeifengesicht – German for a face badly in need of a fist

    posted by Dean on 7-24-2011 at 8:32 pm

  57. Some enjoyable words here, but the Global Language Monitor is not a reliable source: its estimate of the size of English vocabulary is patently daft.

    posted by Stan on 7-25-2011 at 5:04 am

  58. The dutch word ‘gezellig’ which is used when people are having a good time together. You can also use this word in for example a house, in this context the translation is cosy.

    posted by Roos on 7-25-2011 at 10:58 am

  59. There is a close equivalent English word for “guanxi” – it’s “clout.”

    posted by Therese Z on 7-25-2011 at 11:21 am

  60. One of my favorite German words is Ohrwurm, literally meaning “ear worm,” a song that gets stuck in your head and won’t leave. I’ve actually seen that one pop up in English recently, though, so maybe it’s not so exclusive anymore.

    posted by Fruppi on 7-25-2011 at 1:48 pm

  61. Thank you, Conor! I immediately thought of “formication” when I read that description.

    posted by SarahMarie on 7-25-2011 at 2:22 pm

  62. Is ‘luftmensch’ really Yiddish? Knowing next to no German, I figured it out without reading the definition.

    posted by regeya on 7-25-2011 at 3:53 pm

  63. 12. smirk – to smile in an affected, smug, or offensively familiar way.

    posted by Hinano on 7-25-2011 at 7:14 pm

  64. @Bob, you left out the best part – the nudnik. As in…

    A “Schlemiel” is someone who spills soup on someone in a restaurant – a “Schlemazel” is the guy he spills it on. A “Nudnik” asks what type of soup it was.

    kvell: to burst with pride, usually in others

    posted by LKS on 7-25-2011 at 8:12 pm

  65. Agita. I have no idea what dialect it is (my Irish mother uses it but I don’t think it’s Gaelic) but I sure got yelled at a lot for giving it to my mother when I was younger!

    posted by Meghan on 7-26-2011 at 6:52 pm

  66. I’m a little late to this party, but the French have “chez,” which means “at the home of.” Where are we playing bridge tonight? Chez Bob.

    posted by Joan on 7-26-2011 at 7:11 pm

  67. You can’t forget the Norwegian Uff Da. It is a perfectly polite expression which may be used in place of various vulgarisms employed to evince displeasure. But the only translation it has is that da is then. It is just a polite curse when things happen.

    posted by Dave F on 7-29-2011 at 7:14 pm

  68. Zugzwang!

    posted by orion on 7-30-2011 at 4:03 pm

  69. Luftmensch translates very nicely to airhead.

    posted by Bob on 7-30-2011 at 4:09 pm

  70. How about the German, “sitz·fleisch”/ˈsitsˌflīSH/Noun
    Power to endure or to persevere in an activity; staying power.

    posted by Leo Groner on 7-30-2011 at 4:15 pm

  71. The translation given for the German Kummerspeck is silly. The basic meaning of “Speck” is fatty tissue. While this can also mean bacon, a more sensible literal translation would be “grief fat”.

    Anyway, people who are interested in this topic might have a look at Howard Rheingold’s book They Have a Word for It.

    posted by David Steinsaltz on 7-30-2011 at 4:19 pm

  72. How about:

    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sisu

    Sisu is a Finnish term loosely translated into English as strength of will, determination, perseverance, and acting rationally in the face of adversity. However, the word is widely considered to lack a proper translation into any language. Sisu has been described as being integral to understanding Finnish culture. The literal meaning is equivalent in English to “having guts”, and the word derives from sisus, which means something inner or interior. However sisu is defined by a long-term element in it; it is not momentary courage, but the ability to sustain an action against the odds. Deciding on a course of action and then sticking to that decision against repeated failures is sisu. It is similar to equanimity, except the forbearance of sisu has a grimmer quality of stress management than the latter. The noun sisu is related to the adjective sisukas, one having the quality of sisu.

    posted by Matt on 7-30-2011 at 5:57 pm

  73. Quand même is one of my favorites in French! It’s a stand-in for “anyway,” “seriously?!” “whatever,” “wow,” and about a thousand other English interjections and space-fillers. When I got the hang of that during a summer in West Africa, I really felt like I had a grasp on French.

    posted by Ben on 7-30-2011 at 6:37 pm

  74. Luftmensch doesn’t really belong in this list, since it appears in any standard English dictionary. (see m-w.com, e.g.)

    This is why ‘schadenfreude’ isn’t included.

    posted by Carbon Dated on 7-30-2011 at 7:54 pm

  75. The Hebrew equivalent of “guanxi” is “protexia.”

    posted by Dan on 7-30-2011 at 9:31 pm

  76. My Indonesianya girlfriend Said # 10 just means “tap.” One of the best words ever though is Indonesian with no English match.
    Gumas (goo-mahs). It means when you feel an incredible swell of love and affection for someone. In English it’d be like, ooh I just want to pinch your face or oooh I just wanna eat you up :)

    posted by Mikia on 7-31-2011 at 1:09 am

  77. Dave – “uff da” is part of the Minnesotan vocabulary, not sure if that makes it part of English…

    I’ve read that the English language has about 100-200 thousand words in current usage, but the average speaker knows less than 40 thousand. Still the largest vocabulary of any language, simply because we’ve borrowed from so many other languages.

    posted by nerfer on 7-31-2011 at 1:18 am

  78. There is also the opposite of Schade freude, Glückschmerz, which is pain at another’s good fortune.

    posted by vhh on 7-31-2011 at 1:34 am

  79. Dave, I heard some of Rose Nylund’s hometown folks use “Uff-da!” when they came from Minnesota to visit on an episode of “The Golden Girls.”

    She had just won St. Olaf’s Woman-of-the-Year Award, and that’s the phrase they used to cheer her. I wasn’t aware that it was a substitute for a curse, though.

    posted by Sandy Wood on 7-31-2011 at 3:28 am

  80. Mencorek is more commonly used in Indonesian to mean “pinch” rather than “tap someone on the other shoulder to trick them.” One of my fav Indonesian words without a direct English equivalent is “Gurih” – it means deliciously salty and oily (like potato chips – or any kind of deep fried goodness!) But in any language there are lots of words that we kind of approximate rather than having a direct equivalent. (another eg from Indonesian: “Kenalkan” -which is kind of like “let me introduce…”) Love the range of words that are coming up!

    posted by danielle on 7-31-2011 at 4:57 am

  81. 3. Slampadato (Italian)
    Addicted to the UV glow of tanning salons? This word describes you.

    Did anybody else think about Jersey Shore?

    posted by Doug on 7-31-2011 at 9:26 am

  82. doch, as has been noted, rebuts a negative, sometimes as simply as “Nein!” Doch!”

    in this case the english equivalent is “way”, as in

    “No Way”
    “Way!”

    posted by benjoya on 7-31-2011 at 5:37 pm

  83. “Fernweh” in German is the literal opposite of homesickness. It’s like HERE-sickness, or a strong impulse to no longer be wherever you are.

    posted by Eo on 7-31-2011 at 5:56 pm

  84. Menfolk. : use tip finger to make little scoop On someone

    posted by Mikia on 7-31-2011 at 10:25 pm

  85. For (2) try formication (though, technically, it refers to ants)

    posted by Korhomme on 8-1-2011 at 11:17 am

  86. and cute as in ‘cute hoor’ which doesn’t mean what you think it does (Irish english)

    posted by Korhomme on 8-1-2011 at 11:21 am

  87. Um…the thing I find strange about the Japanese word “bakku-shan” being on this list is that it is a compound word made out of two non-Japanese words. “Bakku” is the Japanification of the English word “back” and “shan” is the Japanification of the German word “schön.”

    It just seems like saying “There is no equivalent in any other language to the English word ‘Chicken-Teriyaki.’”

    posted by Nic on 8-1-2011 at 11:37 am

  88. nerfer, it might be part of the Minnesotan vocabulary now, but that is because America is the melting pot of the world. My grandma was Norwegian and taught me that when I was a kid. And anyone who lives in southern California who has gone to Solvang has seen a lot of Uff Da merchandise.

    posted by Dave F on 8-1-2011 at 2:56 pm

  89. I am with Leslie, the Swedish “lagom” (laa-gom) is a wonderful word that really has no english counterpart. Another Swedish word that has no direct single word translation to english is “fika” (fe-kuh) which literally means a social coffee break. This is also probably the word most favorited by those of us living in Sweden, and also could explain why Sweden is Lagom.

    posted by ckn on 8-1-2011 at 5:02 pm

  90. These were fun!

    But if someone hasn’t poked you yet, “glas wen” would be _white_ smile, not blue smile.

    Gwen/wen means “white” in Welsh.

    posted by Karen on 8-1-2011 at 11:38 pm

  91. Déja vu.

    posted by Christopher on 8-2-2011 at 10:12 am

  92. 11. Faamiti (Samoan)
    To make a squeaking sound by sucking air past the lips in order to gain the attention of a dog or child.

    In ‘Birder’s English’ it’s called “pishing”.

    posted by Pauline Guillermo on 8-4-2011 at 9:32 pm

  93. Czech has some great words – my favorite being “tratoliště”, which means “pool of blood/gore”.

    Ref the above-mentioned “vybafnout”, just as a etymological note: “baf!” is the Czech version of “boo!”!

    posted by Jennifer Hejtmankova on 8-8-2011 at 11:19 am

  94. we do have an equivalent for #13: butterface. it’s slang, not nice and based on 3 individual words(“but her face”, as in, “i thought everything was hot about her, until i saw she was a butterface.”)

    posted by ellen on 8-11-2011 at 12:30 am

  95. Hey I’m from Iowa and use uffda a lot but when I moved to Missouri for a breif spell they had no idea what I was talking about.

    posted by Nikki on 8-31-2011 at 4:25 pm

  96. Also i always use “Gesundheit” (the German word for “health”) after someone sneezes since I’m not overly churchy to say “bless you”

    posted by Nikki on 8-31-2011 at 4:42 pm

  97. My favorite to use is “nyanga.” It’s a Kamtok word (from Cameroon) and basically refers to anything added to make something more attractive or prettier such as frills, bling… “You’ve added a lot of nyanga to your car,” or “your shirt has too much nyanga on it.”

    posted by K-eM on 9-1-2011 at 12:07 pm

  98. So many good ones! I’m a big fan of the German “muskelkater,” which if I haven’t completely misremembered/misinterpreted means literally “muscle hangover,” for that muscle ache you get the day after doing some hard physical labor or working out.

    posted by rarararangaro on 9-1-2011 at 5:31 pm

  99. For those citing schadenfreude that has been adopted into English so is considered an English word derived from German in the tradition of words like debris and adobe.

    posted by Steve from Los Angeles on 9-1-2011 at 10:50 pm

  100. Afrikaans: “Boudvlos”
    English: G-string (butt floss)

    posted by Francois Botha on 9-3-2011 at 4:59 am

  101. I love “sitzpinkler.” In German, it is a person who sits to pee, also means a wussy-boy. When I was potty-training my son (to be a sitter, not a pointer), I used that word, before I realize I was also insulting him.

    posted by Russ on 9-5-2011 at 9:49 pm

  102. “Bakku-shan” has a slang equivalent, “butterface”. As in, “She had a nice body…. But, her face!”

    posted by RaZZo on 9-7-2011 at 5:32 pm

  103. And no mention of the Portuguese “Saudades”: used to describe that feeling of a joyful mourning.

    posted by Sergio on 9-8-2011 at 4:19 am

  104. Zhaghzhagh (Persian)

    posted by Sarah on 9-8-2011 at 7:27 am

  105. Yuputka (Ulwa) – the English term is formication
    Slampadato (Italian) – the English neologism is tanorexia
    Zhaghzhagh (Persian) – the English term is odonterism

    Though not a direct equivalent, “woolgathering” covers Boketto (Japanese) (though woolgathering suggests daydreaming).

    posted by Sarah on 9-8-2011 at 7:28 am

  106. @sillstaw: “Steppenwitz” should be “Treppenwitz”, I believe. (come to think of it, “Treppenwolf” would be kind of a fun name for a rock band)

    Along the same lines as “doch”, German also has “selbstverstaendlich”, which translates as “selfexplanatory” or “speaks for itself” but in usage sort of equates to “naturally” or “of course”.

    The German word I find I miss most often is “beziehungsweise”, sort of a logical switch (useful enough to have its own abbreviation, “bzw.”). Usage is “A bzw. B”, meaning “A or B, depending on the circumstances”, or “as the case may be”.

    posted by Chris on 9-9-2011 at 8:23 am

  107. I thought saudade meant what the English word “melancholy” means.

    posted by Paula on 9-12-2011 at 2:31 pm

  108. @Matt

    Just a quick response in support of the initial claim of the article.

    For #1, you suggest that “chattering” is essentially the same as Zhaghzhagh, especially given the context of cold (rather than a descriptive of someone talking a lot or a sound an animal might make). Aside from the fact that the definition apparently includes the possibility of rage, I’d give you this one, except to say that with “chattering,” I think you’d still be expected to qualify that the teeth are chattering, while Zhaghzhagh includes this as part of its definition.

    For #2, you suggest Heebie-jeebies. I would argue that the heebie-jeebies is the effect-reaction of experiencing Yuputka, therefore not a substitute.

    For #4, you suggest Space Cadet. I’d argue that this typically refers to someone who is forgetful or tends to daydream or fail to listen, while Luftmensch seems to imply more of an idealist-artsy kind of “dreamer” rather than a number-cruncher type.

    And for #6, when you suggest Untucked, you are describing the state of the shirt. Cotisuelto refers to the person who wears such a style.

    I don’t mean to be nit-picky, as some of your suggestions would generally be understood and acceptable, but I do think that they still are not as meaningfully accurate as the words listed. Rather, the English language tends to need broader descriptions or full sentences to really encompass the meaning of these individual words. Which is the whole point that the article is making.

    posted by grace on 9-15-2011 at 1:10 am

  109. “Consuegra” has a Bulgarian equivalent – “svatya” (female) or “svat” (male). “Svatosvane” (v) is the process of negotiating a marriage for one’s adult child using a matchmaker (not quite an arranged marriage, more to do with negotiating the dowry and such practicalities.) A shared grandchild is not part of the word’s meaning.

    There are also 4 different words for “aunt” and 4 for “uncle”. “chicho” is your father’s brother, “vuicho” is your mother’s brother, “strinko” is your father’s sister’s husband, and “svako” is your mother’s sister’s husband. “Etarva” is your husband’s brother’s wife, not to be confused with “snaha” (brother’s wife) or “zalva” (husband’s sister), all of which translate to “sister-in-law”. Your mother-in-law is “svekarva” if you are female but “tushta” if you are male. (I believe Russian terms are similar.) And on and on… this comes from large farmer households with multiple generations living under one roof. Fascinating stuff to someone from my generation who barely sees all those extended family members.

    posted by wordnerd on 9-23-2011 at 8:06 pm

  110. My Chilean friend tells me that the Spanish language has a specific name for various shades of color that we lump all together.

    posted by Runa Schlaffer on 9-27-2011 at 7:52 am

  111. I like the Swedish word orka, as in Jag orkar inte. I don’t have the energy or I just plain don’t feel like it. As good excuse as any to avoid household chores.

    posted by Corinda on 10-1-2011 at 11:54 pm

  112. in Filipino, we have the word “torpe.” I don’t know of an English word that can best translate it but basically, torpe is a word used to describe a guy who gets butterflies in his stomach, becomes speechless and just can’t approach a girl he likes.

    We also have “kilig” or the feeling of having butterflies in your stomach because of a romantic gesture someone made for you or for somebody you know. Kilig is almost always used in the context of love or romantic relationships.

    posted by crazeeeeh on 10-3-2011 at 11:13 am

  113. “Luftmensch” is just straight German, not Yiddish

    posted by Will on 10-6-2011 at 2:08 am

  114. I’m Italian and “Slampadato” is not used in Italy. May be “allampadato” o “lampadato”.
    “slampadato” does not exist

    posted by Giulio on 10-7-2011 at 10:26 am

  115. Two other German words:

    1) Rosinenpicker: (raisin picker) someone who only takes the best but not the rest, i.e., eats the raisins from the bread but not the crust.
    2) Korinthenkacker: korinthe is some sort of raisin, kacker means to take a dump. Someone who is absolutely picky with respect to details in a way that creates a lot of work for you without noticable benefit for anyone. Swearword often used for people in public service (but not so much anymore, Germany has changed a lot in that respect).

    Make sure not to mix the two up :-)

    posted by Nina on 10-8-2011 at 11:15 am

  116. @Will
    yes it is a German word but we would not use it meaningfully As someone else already said: Yiddish contains a lot of German words and words with German root (like Luftmensch), but possibly different meaning. We would use “Tagträumer” (day dreamer) or “Luftikus” for the same kind of person.

    posted by Nina on 10-8-2011 at 11:18 am

  117. @vhh, no absolutely no Glücksschmerz in Germany… There are some English/American websites reporting on it, but we do not have that. Simple ‘envy’ is all there is (beneiden/Neid).

    posted by Nina on 10-8-2011 at 11:27 am

  118. Please consider two very common words in moder Spanish:

    ajeno … belonging to someone else or concerning other people

    amanecer … dawn breaks, it becomes morning

    posted by Blake More on 10-14-2011 at 7:01 pm

  119. Please consider two very common words in modern Spanish:

    ajeno … belonging to someone else or concerning other people

    amanecer … dawn breaks, it becomes morning

    posted by Blake More on 10-14-2011 at 7:16 pm

  120. Re #5: please note that the name of the language used by the Inuit people is Inuktitut.

    posted by Botsford on 10-17-2011 at 11:12 am

  121. Chinchemi is a word in Twi, the Ashanti language from Kumasi, Ghana. It means no longer capable of performing its function. A car could be chinchema if it’s out of gas or has a flat tire or has an engine problem. Your tv could be chinchema if it’s broken or if you forgot to pay the bill. It’s a nice way to say there’s a problem without knowing exactly what it is.

    posted by Barbara on 10-19-2011 at 11:07 am

  122. “Paresthesia” (http://www.wordnik.com/words/paresthesia) would seem a rough equivalent to yuputka (number 2).

    posted by Tom K on 10-22-2011 at 11:40 am

  123. HELP please. What is the non english word for “the truth we all know, that we dare not speak?” I have been searching for a year, I heard it once on radio, I think it is from New Guniea. Thank you so much.

    posted by ANKNLMC on 10-29-2011 at 8:01 am

  124. @rarararangaro So glad you mentioned ‘Muskelkater’ – it’s now an official Denglisch word at home ;)

    posted by lingwika on 11-10-2011 at 3:45 am

  125. There’s this Filipino word called “kilig”. It means that feeling you get when you like someone or in love.

    posted by Airi on 11-22-2011 at 2:02 am

  126. Well…funnily enough, “bakku-shan” already IS English. “Bakku” is nothing more than the Japanese pronunciation of “back.” Meaning that “bakku-shan” is more correctly “back-shan.” Someone beautiful from the back.

    It’s kind of silly to suggest that there is no English equivalent for the English word “back,” so this is a really bad entry. There are many, many, many more interesting words in Japanese that don’t include English loanwords.

    I suggest: “zettai kanryo,” or “absolute territory,” the exposed thigh between a girl’s skirt and stockings.

    posted by Chester Bogus on 11-26-2011 at 3:10 am

  127. Oh, and one more thing: my dictionary confirms my suspicion:

    Bakku-shan isn’t actually Japanese. It’s English and German: Back + schoen.

    So, Japanese requires a vowel after every consonant, so “back” becomes “bakku;” Japanese only has five vowels where German has more, so “schoen” becomes “shan.”

    Bakku-shan – not really a Japanese word, but rather a mishmash of non-Japanese words put together to form a new, Japanese idea.

    posted by Chester Bogus on 11-26-2011 at 3:15 am

  128. I haven’t been able to find a good word in English for Finnish word “viitsiä” or the Icelandic one “nenna”. They both mean that one could do some task but is too lazy or do not want to it. Pretty much as the Swedish “orka”.

    posted by JL on 11-26-2011 at 6:35 am

  129. One cool word is the finnish word with most vowels in the finnish language:

    ‘riiuuyöaie’

    It basically means the intention to woo a person the next night, or at night anyhows…

    posted by eb on 11-27-2011 at 6:20 pm

  130. I can’t think of the word but I believe the Japanese have a word that means –

    “a man who, having retired from his job, stays home and drives his wife crazy”.

    posted by mkj on 12-15-2011 at 11:22 pm

  131. 14. is woolgathering, or off with the fairies

    posted by dostoevsky on 12-19-2011 at 2:27 am

  132. JL, try procrastinating

    posted by dostoevsky on 12-19-2011 at 2:40 am

  133. “Saudade” is the feeling you get when you miss someone or something. In other languages you can say that you miss someone, but it never translates the word Saudade… It only exhists in Portuguese and people who studied the language say that that only happens because the word was born during the Discoveries, when the mothers and wives would say goodbye to their husbands and sons.

    posted by Rute on 12-22-2011 at 4:13 pm

  134. I, too, love the German word “doch” and still use it some 35 years after having lived in Germany for about 2 years. It is a powerful word that just says so much, so directly, so efficiently — so Germanic. About Yiddish “Luftmensch”: much of Yiddish is borrowed from German. I think Nina addressed this.

    posted by Bruce on 12-30-2011 at 1:15 pm

  135. A word or phrase that I’m constantly lacking in english is something to say to a person before they start eating. I know you can say “enjoy your meal” or “bonne appetite” but it doesn’t seem to be very common (and is french not english). I find it kind of surprising considering most languages have a term for that.

    posted by anapher on 1-5-2012 at 4:27 am

  136. “Filotimo”.

    Greek word that means something between ethos and honor and pride, but none of them describes exactly its meaning. Certainly a miss from the list.

    posted by dimitris on 1-10-2012 at 12:10 pm

  137. One of my favorites is the single German word for “the day before yesterday” or “two days ago:” vorgestern.

    posted by Barbara on 1-11-2012 at 9:06 pm

  138. Mittelschmerz (I might have the spelling incorrect)

    German for the pelvic pain a woman experiences when ovulating (it has actually become a medical term in the English language)

    posted by Michael on 1-12-2012 at 4:47 am

  139. “Luftmensch” is not equivalent to airhead. The latter implies empty-headed, while a Luftmensch may well be a great thinker.

    One close English parallel: instead of saying “He’s a Luftmensch” we might say “He’s always building castles in the air.”

    Luftmensch implies a person unconcerned with practicalities: a philosopher who can’t be bothered to earn a living, for example.

    posted by Eric on 1-12-2012 at 11:59 am

  140. @joão

    I was going to mention saudade also. As far as I know, saudade is only a word in português … No other language uses it, and I’m not sure if others have translations for it. I know english doesn’t.

    posted by mariana on 1-13-2012 at 8:15 pm

  141. We have a word in English slang to go along with number 13, its called “Butterface”, meaning, she looks good everywhere “but her face”

    posted by Kate on 2-13-2012 at 12:39 pm

  142. The Welsh one isn’t spelt right.

    gwên = smile
    gwen = white

    So, glas wen means blue white, whereas glas wên means blue smile.

    Personally, I’ve never heard that the ‘blue smile’ expression before, and I speak/hear Welsh every day.

    posted by tina on 2-15-2012 at 5:10 am

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