Mental Floss

LISTS

Edinburgh Castle is an iconic part of the city's skyline.

Edinburgh Castle has loomed above the city since the 1100s, surviving centuries of turmoil to retain its perch above Scotland’s capital.

Jane Alexander
pjmalsbury/iStock via Getty Images

They look docile and sluggish in those popular nature documentaries, but hippopotamuses have a violent side.

Stan Shunpike
The Underground Railroad by Charles T. Webber.

During the 1800s, roughly 100,000 enslaved people sought freedom on the Underground Railroad, which stretched from the American South to Canada.

Nayanika Guha






Moussa81/iStock via Getty Images Plus

From how long a "hoax" like the Apollo 11 moon landing could actually stay a secret to the conspiracy theory involving Queen Elizabeth I, here are the actual facts you need to know about conspiracy theories.

Stacy Conradt


Lisa Loeb in 1994.

You may not remember some of these songs from the films for which they were recorded; you may have forgotten about some of these songs (or movies) entirely. But each one captures a very specific moment in the life cycle of the films, the artists, the deca

Todd Gilchrist
Erin McCarthy

Daniel Keyes’s 'Flowers for Algernon' is a poignant science-fiction novella that has won critical acclaim and popularity around the globe.

Kristy Puchko




Photo by Erin McCarthy

Bette Greene’s 1973 debut novel, about a 12-year-old Jewish girl in rural Arkansas who befriends a German prisoner of war in the early 1940s, was embraced by critics and readers alike, and it’s still a mainstay on school reading lists.

April Snellings




Brothers Russell and Ron Mael in Edgar Wright’s The Sparks Brothers (2021).

Over the past 50 years, brothers Ron and Russell Mael—a.k.a. musical duo Sparks—have been on the forefront of popular music trends, from glam rock to power pop to electronic music to new wave and beyond. Now they're the subject of Edgar Wright's first doc

Chelsea Spear
An illustration from the September 17, 1899 issue of Le Petit Journal depicting the events on the Medusa raft.

Desperate times call for desperate measures. And sometimes, when survival is at stake, that means human flesh is on the menu.

Lucas Reilly
The Bugatti La Voiture Noire.

Even if you have millions of dollars to spend, you may have trouble getting your hands on one of 2021's most expensive cars.

Michele Debczak


MBTafan2011, Wikimedia Commons // CC BY-SA 3.0

Fifty years ago, Congress consolidated all of America's passenger train service into one entity: Amtrak. Here are a few facts about the nationwide rail network.

Karin Crompton


Let's hope these two lovebirds didn't follow any of the dubious sex advice making the rounds during the Victorian era.

Victorians had many manuals and advice books that discuss sex with surprising frankness. Here are 11 bits of Victorian sex wisdom—good, bad, and otherwise—published between 1837 and 1901.

Keith Johnston